無縫異型鋼管是指具有保護(hù)銹層耐大氣腐蝕，可用于制造車輛、橋梁、塔架、集裝箱等鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼。與普碳鋼相比，無縫異型鋼管在大氣中具有更優(yōu)良的抗蝕性能。與不銹鋼相比，無縫異型管只有微量的合金元素，異型鋼管一般采用精料入爐-冶煉(轉(zhuǎn)爐、電爐-微合金化處理-吹氬-LF精煉-低過熱度連鑄(喂入稀土絲)-控軋控冷等工藝路線。無縫異型管為經(jīng)濟(jì)斷面鋼管。異型鋼管包括橫斷面輪廓非圓形的、等壁厚的、變壁厚的、沿長度方向變直徑和變壁厚的、斷面對稱和不對稱的等。其廣泛應(yīng)用在航空、汽車、造船、礦山機(jī)械、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械、建筑、輕紡以及鍋爐制造等方面。在冶煉時，廢鋼隨爐料一起加入爐內(nèi)，按常規(guī)工藝冶煉，出鋼后加入脫氧劑及合金，鋼水經(jīng)吹氬處理后，隨即進(jìn)行澆鑄，吹氬調(diào)溫后的鋼水經(jīng)連鑄機(jī)鑄成板坯。由于鋼中加入稀土元素，異型鋼管得到凈化，夾雜物含量大為減少。
Seamless special-shaped steel pipe is a kind of low alloy structural steel with protective rust layer and atmospheric corrosion resistance, which can be used to manufacture steel structures such as vehicles, bridges, towers and containers. Compared with ordinary carbon steel, seamless special-shaped steel pipe has better corrosion resistance in atmosphere. Compared with stainless steel, the seamless profiled pipe has only a small amount of alloy elements. The profiled pipe generally adopts the process of refining-smelting (converter, electric furnace-microalloying treatment-argon blowing-LF refining-low superheat continuous casting (feeding rare earth wire) -controlled rolling and cooling. Special-shaped pipe is economic section steel pipe. Special-shaped steel pipe includes non-circular cross-section outline, equal wall thickness, variable wall thickness, variable diameter and wall thickness along length direction, symmetrical and asymmetrical cross-section and so on. It is widely used in aviation, automobile, shipbuilding, mining machinery, agricultural machinery, construction, textile and boiler manufacturing. During smelting, scrap steel is added into the furnace together with burden, and is smelted according to conventional process. After tapping, deoxidizer and alloy are added. After argon blowing, molten steel is casted immediately. After argon blowing, the molten steel is casted into slab by continuous caster. Due to the addition of rare earth elements in steel, the special-shaped steel pipe is purified and the inclusion content is greatly reduced. 不銹鋼異型鋼管節(jié)能的要求和社會對恢復(fù)自然環(huán)境的呼聲也越來越高。為適應(yīng)這些要求，新的不銹鋼異型管將得到開發(fā)，冶煉新工藝和新設(shè)備將相應(yīng)出現(xiàn)。鑄造生產(chǎn)的機(jī)械化自動化程度在不斷提高的同時，將更多地向柔性生產(chǎn)方面發(fā)展，以擴(kuò)大對不同批量和多品種生產(chǎn)的適應(yīng)性。節(jié)約能源和原材料的新技術(shù)將會得到優(yōu)先發(fā)展，少產(chǎn)生或不產(chǎn)生污染的新工藝新設(shè)備將首先受到重視。供特種鑄造用的機(jī)器和設(shè)備以及許多運(yùn)輸和物料處理的設(shè)備。鑄造不銹鋼異型管生產(chǎn)有與其他工藝不同的特點(diǎn)，主要是適應(yīng)性廣、需用材料和設(shè)備多、污染環(huán)境。
The requirement of energy saving for stainless steel special-shaped steel pipes and the voice of society for restoring natural environment are also increasing. To meet these requirements, new stainless steel profiled tubes will be developed and new smelting processes and equipment will appear accordingly. With the continuous improvement of mechanization automation in foundry production, more flexible production will be developed in order to expand the adaptability to different batches and varieties of production. New technologies that save energy and raw materials will be given priority, and new processes and equipment that produce little or no pollution will be given priority. Machines and equipment for special foundry, as well as many transportation and material handling equipment. The production of cast stainless steel profiled pipe has different characteristics from other processes, such as wide adaptability, more materials and equipment needed, and environmental pollution.
無縫異型鋼管是一種特殊形狀的管材，它壽命長，使用范圍廣泛。目前的主要市場形勢不錯，而且近期價格有點(diǎn)小波動，鋼材的反彈給一些企業(yè)也帶來了不錯的利潤。我國無縫異型鋼管行業(yè)技術(shù)方面現(xiàn)在正是逐漸完善的，而且各大廠家都越來越注重人才的引進(jìn)與科技的發(fā)展，所以生產(chǎn)成本降低了，利潤自然也會更多一點(diǎn)。在當(dāng)前產(chǎn)能過剩的背景下，業(yè)內(nèi)人士普遍擔(dān)憂，一旦有較大的盈利空間，鋼廠的復(fù)產(chǎn)、增產(chǎn)熱情將令后市供應(yīng)壓力大增。而在實(shí)際上，鋼廠復(fù)產(chǎn)、增產(chǎn)跡象已經(jīng)于近期開始顯現(xiàn)。
Seamless special-shaped steel pipe is a kind of pipe with special shape. It has a long service life and a wide range of applications. At present, the main market situation is good, and the recent price is a little fluctuating. The rebound of steel has also brought good profits to some enterprises. China's seamless special-shaped steel pipe industry technology is now gradually improving, and major manufacturers are increasingly focusing on the introduction of talent and the development of science and technology, so the production cost has been reduced, and profits will naturally be a little more. In the current context of overcapacity, the industry is generally concerned that once there is a greater profit margin, the enthusiasm of steel mills to resume production and increase production will increase the supply pressure in the future. In fact, signs of reopening and increasing production in steel mills have begun to emerge in the near future.
我國不銹鋼異型鋼管的整個行業(yè)發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)出不平衡的狀態(tài)，在當(dāng)前不銹鋼管產(chǎn)業(yè)量猛增的形勢下，原料的來源十分的緊張，國內(nèi)的供應(yīng)量嚴(yán)重不足，基本上主要依靠進(jìn)口原來來維持發(fā)展。在鐵礦石上漲的情況下也同時增加了不銹鋼成本，對于如今市場競爭激烈的情況下，很難競爭，給企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營造成困難。另外，主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)尚需進(jìn)一步改善，我國熱軋成品鋼材(坯-材)成材率在93%左右，其中，熱軋無縫不銹鋼管(坯-材)成材率，視其技術(shù)裝備水平不同波動較大，技術(shù)先進(jìn)軋機(jī)一般為90-92%;技術(shù)落后軋機(jī)僅為80%左右;先進(jìn)軋機(jī)為75%以上，落后軋機(jī)為70%以下。
The development of stainless steel special-shaped steel pipe industry in China is unbalanced. In the current situation of rapid growth of stainless steel pipe industry, the source of raw materials is very tight, and the domestic supply is seriously insufficient, basically relying on imports to maintain development. In the case of iron ore rising, it also increases the cost of stainless steel. It is difficult to compete in today's fierce market competition, which makes the production and operation of enterprises difficult. In addition, the main technical and economic indicators still need to be further improved. The yield of hot-rolled finished steel (billet-material) in China is about 93%. Among them, the yield of hot-rolled seamless stainless steel tube (billet-material) fluctuates greatly depending on the level of technical equipment. The advanced rolling mill is generally 90-92%. The backward rolling mill is only about 80%. The advanced rolling mill is more than 75%, and the backward rolling mill is less than 70%.
